Appunti di letteratura inglese

Materie:	Appunti
Categoria:	Inglese
Download:	522
Data:	21.03.2005
Numero di pagine:	5
Formato di file:	.doc (Microsoft Word)

Beowulf
-Deals with the deesds of Germanic tribes.
-Beowulf is an hero who fought with Grendel,a minster in human shape,and defeats him.
-He was an ideal Germanic warior: he is strong, brave, fearles and great of heart
-This poem is a long epic poem(about 3.000 lines) written in Anglo-Saxon. It was composed in the 7th century but the manuscript of the poem dates from the 10th century.

Anglo-Saxon poetry
-Was oral
-The poet was called “scop”
-The lines were divided into 2 parts that were bounded by allitteration (The repetition of the initial consonant)
-Formulae: fixed expression

Chaucer
-He was born between 1340 and 1345 into a middel-class family. He studied classics and can speak French and Italian
-He died in 1400 and was buried in Westmister Abbey in the”Poets’ corner”
-He decided to write in English, and his decision is very revolutionary
-Chaucer introduced metrical innovation, he invented the use of rhyme and the heroic couplet, and for his innovations he is called “father of English poetry”

The Canterbury Tales
-Were not finished
-Chaucer probabily borrowed from Boccaccio’s Decameron the device for a collection of story.
-The work is not finished, it contains only 24 stories
-The characters are from the middle-class
-At the beginning there were 29 pilgrims, but later Chaucer and the host of”Tabard hin” decided to went with them.
-Everyone had to tell 4 story
-The characters are not depicted as stereotypes
-The story are a means to illustrate tellers’ personality and point of view

Epic poem
-Tells the deeds of a hero
-It begins in media res
-Repetition of fixed phrases and allitteration
-Rhyme are never used

Ballad
-The story begin in the middle of the thing
-There’s a climax
-Deal whit everyday life of commom people
-Esch stanza has4lines wich rhyme abcb
-Use of ripetition
-The language is direct
-Usaly there is a finaly testament
-This jan litterer comes from North Europa

The Sonnet
-It originated in Italy in the 14th century and spread to Europe over the next 2 centuries
-The original form is a composition of 14 lines divided into 2 quartainas and 2 tercets, the English one is divided into 3 quartainas and a couplet
-In the Italian sonnet there are 11 syllabes, in the English one there are 10 syllabes
-The standar theme of sonnet is courtly love
-Usualy each group of lines present one aspect of the argoument
-There are rhetorical figures, like metaphors and similes

Dramma
-Was used to give religious education
-At first take place in the churches
-Mystery Plays:the subject were biblical stories or events from the life of Christ
-Guilds financed plays
-Pageant: movable stage vagon divided into 2 parts
-Actors were only men
-The weather was very important
-Morality Plays:told an allegorical tale with the aim of making a moral point
-Betwen the1^and the2^parts of dramma actors play short funny plays
Drama in English Renaissance
-Henry the 8th’s shism and the Reformation hastened the end of religious drama
-Corpus Christi was suppressed
-Drama flourished in reign of Elizabeth and James, during those years drama became a major genre for English writer
-Elizabethan drama also dealt with theme taken from English history
-There were traveling companies of actors, their performance took place on movable platform
-Young boys played women’s role in the plays
-Playhouse were built out of the city walls because Puritan considered them to be center of corruption
-The performance took place in the daylight
Jacobean drama
-Are not romantic but satisical
-Are full of shocking details, images of blod torture and violent death
-Italy was often chosen as a background for violent crimes

Romeo and Juliet
This is a story about the tragic love of Romeo and Juliet, two young lovers who lived in Verona.
Their families, the Montagues and the Capulets were fierce rivals.
Romeo was a Montague and Juliet was a Capulet.
Capulet arrived at the fight whit Montague.
Prince Escalus, the highest representative of political justice in Verona, arrived.
He was very angry because they were disturbing the quiet of the city.
Count Paris was talking to Capulet, Juliet’s father about the possibility of his marriage to Juliet.
“I give a feast” Capulet said.
Romeo decided to go to the feast just to see his beloved Rosaline.
Romeo had fallen instlanty in love with Juliet.
He spoke to Juliet and revealed his love for here. Juliet is also falled in love.
They kissed but the nurse arrived and interrupted them.
Romeo went to visist Friar Lawrence, and asked him to marry with Juliet.
The friar agreed to help them.
Juliet should visit Friar Lawrence that afternoon, and they would be married there.
The Prince banished Romeo.
Juliet’s parents decide that Juliet marriage to Count Paris.
Juliet decide to turn to Friar Lawrence for help.
The friar gave her a potion.
She would feel a cold dead sensation and would remain apparently dead for forty-two hours.
The family would place her in the family tomb.
The Friar write to Romeo but Romeo didn’t read the letter.
He, learned that his Juliet was died.
Romeo go to the tomb, drank the poison and lay beside Juliet.
But Juliet awoke. She took his dagger and plunged it into her heart.
So the tragic story of a family feud was ended by the deaths of two innocent, young lovers.

Elfin Knight
1stMay:Beltan(god of life)celebration of love(in the greenwood)
1stNovember:Celts celebrated death
A boy want to celebrate with a girl,but don’t want to marry her.
He says he will marry her only if she can answer his3question.
But they are impossible to solve.
So the girl asks him other3question also impossible.
She proves that to celebrate with her he will marry her,
but he says he has already a wife and7children.

Gypsy ladies
Gipsies arrived in England in1540.
People thought they were from Egypt→Gipsies
3Gipsies sing well.They play at the court and
the lady fall in love and follow them.
When the lord arrive he asks about the lady,
and servants say that she is with the Gypsies.
When he found his lover he hanged the3men
who had stolen her heart.

Geordie
Nick name for a man from New Castle
This is the version of south England
It was originally Scotish
In the original one he has8children, not2
“ “ “ he steals horses, not deers
The originl name was Georgie

Cruel sister
Norvegian ballad
A king has2daughters: 1st black haired, 2nd blond haired
In the middle edge the 2nd sister cannot get married if the
1st is not married.
The harp breaks and the blond girl is alive again
The black haired girl is burned for punishment

Doctor Faustus
Sign the deal with his own blood.
Consumatum est.

Condition
-F.can be a soul
-M.will be his servant to his comand
-M.shall do for him and bring him what so ever
-M.shall be invisible in F.’s house
-M.shall appear when F.want it.

Questions
1)why do u appear?because I want to appear,
not because you call me.
2)Who?s lucifer?the commander of all spirits.
3)DoesLucifer accept my condition?yes,M.has to be
servant of F.still he’s alive.
4)Why does Lucifer want my soul?becuse he
want to became more powerfull.
After the deal:
VI scena
5)What’hell?hell has no limits,world is a part of hell
-F.wants a wife, but not a she devil
-F.wants book about all animal,plants,stars and planet.
6)Who create the world?I cant say his name
-F.is unhappy,and the devils make a show for him
-The characters are the7deadly sins.
VIIscena
-F.goes to the Olimpo on a dragon
-F.goes to Rome to see the Pope, and takes
Bruno(an heretic) escape from Rome.
VIIscena
-F.makes a lot of joke to the Pope during a banquet.
Xscene-Robin is trasformed into an ape
-F.become famous,emperor go to him and asks to see
Alexander the Great and his lover.M shows them to him.
XIscene-F.makes jokes to his friends
XII,XIIIscene-his friends want revenge
XVIIscene-F.write a will.He leaves everything to his
leal servant(Wagner).
-A banquet,the old man.
XVIII-F.dead