The english renaissance, historical contenxt

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Categoria:	Lingue
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Data:	28.09.2001
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THE RENAISSANCE (1485-1625)
HISTORICAL CONTEXT

1. tUDORS
- HENRY VII: SUPREME MONARCHY; POWERFUL ENGLAND'S TRADING POSITION.
- HENRY VIII:SPENT MONEY FIGHTING WARS AGAINT FRANCE.

A) CATHERINE OF ARAGON: HE WANTED A DIVORCE BECAUSE SHE COULDN'T GIVE HIM A MALE HEIR. CLEMENTE VII DID NOT DECLARE HIS MARRIAGE INVALID =
ACT OF SUPREMACY, 1534 (SUPREMACY OF THE STATE OVER THE CHURCH); DISSOLVETION OF MONASTERIES AND SEIZED THEIR WEALTH. HE HAD A DAUGHTER MARY
B) ANNE BOLEYN:HE HAD A DAUGHTER ELIZABETH
C)JANE SEYMOUR: HE HAD A SON EDWARD IV 1547-1553
D)ANNE OF CLEVES; E)CATHERINE HOWARD; F)CATHERINE PARR

- EDWARD IV: PROTESTANT REFORMS = THE BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER IN ENGLISH TO REPLACE THE LATIN MISSAL.
- MARY: SHE WANTED TO RETURN ENGLAND CATHOLIC AND PROTESTANTS WERE PERSECUTED= BLOODY MARY.
- ELIZABETH: PROTESTANT QUEEN; SHE GAVE ORDER AND HARMONY TO THE REIGN = ACT OF SUPREMACY AND UNIFORMITY (1599), TO FIND A BALANCE BETWEEN PROTESTANTS AND CATHOLICS. THIS GAVE HER THE TITLE OF SUPREME GOVERNOR.
• DURING HER REIGN MARY STUART (CATHOLIC QUEEN OF SCOTLAND)PLOTTED GAINST HER, THEN EXECUTED.
• BATTLES AGAINST SPAIN WON BY ENGLISH DEFEATING THE SPANISH ARMADA.
• SHE ENCOUREGED THE PIRACY = CAPTAIN DRAKE, RALEIGH, HAWKINS, AGAINST SPANISH GALLEONS.

2. STUARTS
- JAMES VI OF SCOTLAND (SON OF MARY STUART)= JAMES I
• HE WAS PROTESTANT UNLIKE HIS MOTHER.
• MADE PEACE WITH SPAIN.
• 1620 PILGRIM FATHERS LEFT ENGLAND FOR AMERICA ON THE MAYFLOWER AND FOUNDED PLYMOUTH.
• FOUNDATION OF EAST INDIAN COMPANY.