PHRASAL VERBS

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Categoria:	Inglese
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Data:	29.12.2005
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PHRASAL VERBS
SYNONYM
EXAMPLE
TRANSLATION
Get on
To board
The bus was full.We couldn’t get on.
Salire
Drive off
To leave frome a place
A woman got into the car and drove off.
Partire da un posto
Come back
To return
Sally is leaving tomorrow and coming back on Saturday.
Ritornare
Turn round
Change direction
When I touched him on the shoulder,he turned round.
Girarsi
Break down
Stop funtioning,working,
Operating.
Sorry I’m late.The car broke down.
Smettere di funzionare,guastarsi.
Look out
Be careful,be ware
Look out!There’s a car coming
Fare attenzione
Take off
To depart
It was my first flight.I was nervous as the plane took off.
Partire
(con l’aereo)
Get on
To progress
How was the exam?how did you get on?
migliorare
Get by
To manage
My french isn’t very good, but it’s enough to get by.
Farcela,sopravvivere
Run away (from)
-litteral
-metaphorical
To escape,to flee(fuggire).
Why did you run away from me?
Scappare via
Keep up (with)
Have the same pace(ritmo)
You’re walking too fast. I can’t keep up with you.
Avere lo stesso ritmo
Look up (at)
Raise your eyes,
to check(in a dictionary).
We looked up at the plane as it flew above us.
Alzare gli occhi
Look forward (to)
To feel excited about sthg that is going to happen
Are you looking forward to your holiday?
Non vedere l’ora
Get in
To enter
How did the thieves get in?
entrare
Let yourself in
Allow someone to enter
Here’s a key,so you can let yourself in.
Concedere a qualcuno di entrare
Dive in
To plunge
Sally walked up to the edge of the pool and dived in.
tuffarsi
Move in
Transfer one’s belongins to a new
I’ve got a new flat.I’m moving in on Friday
Traslocare,spostarsi
Check in (hotel,airport)
To present document
As soon as I got to the airport,I checked in.
Registrarsi,presentarsi.
Walk out
To leave abruptly
He just stood up and walked out.
Uscire fuori,andarsene
Lock out
Be unable to enter
I had no key,so i was locked out.
Essere chiuso fuori.
Climb out
Exit with difficulty
She swam up and down the pool,and then climbed out.
Uscire,saltare fuori con difficoltà.
Check out
Give back the document.
(at a hotel)What time do we have to check out?
Liberare la camera
Drop/call in
Visit smbd for a short time without arranging to do this.
I dropped in to see Chris on my way home.
Fare una breve visita a qualcuno.
Join in
Take part in an activity that is already going on.
We’re playing a game.
Why don’t you join in?
partecipare
Plug in
Connect it to the electricity supply
The fridge isn’t working because you haven’t plugged it in
Connettere la spina alla corrente
Fill in (U.K)
Fill out (U.S.A)
Write the necessary information on a form
Please fill in the application form and send it to us by 28 february.
Completare un documento.
Take smbd in
Deceive somebody
(ingannare)
The man said he was a policeman and I believed him. I was completely taken in.
Ingannare
Eat out
Eat at a restaurant,not at home
There wasn’t anything to eat at home, so we decided to eat out.
Mangiare fuori
Drop out
Stop before you have completely finished
Gary went to university but dropped out after a year
Ritirarsi,abbandonare
Get out
Avoid doing it,don’t have to do sthg any longer.
I promise i’d go to the wedding.
I don’t want to go, but I can’t get out of it now.
Evitare di dover fare qualcosa.
Cut sthg out
To remove sthg from a paper or a magazine,specially pictures.
There was a beautiful picture in the magazine, so I cut it out
Tagliare per ricavare un’immagine,un articolo
Leave sthg out
Omit it,not include it
In the sentence “She said that she was ill”,you can leave out the word “that”
omettere
Cross/rub sthg+out
To draw a line through to exclude.
Some of the names on the list had been crossed out
cancellare
Go out
Block out
Suddenly all the lights in the building went out.
Smettere di funzionare
Put out(a fire,a cigarette,a light)
To extinguish
We managed to put the fire out.
Spegnere il fuoco.
Turn out (a light)
Turn off the light
I turned the lights out before leaving.
Spegnere la luce.
Blow out
ONLY CANDEL
Stop sthg burning.
We don’t need a candle.You can blow it out.
Spegnere una candela
Work out
Do physical exercises
Rachel works out at the gym three times a week
Fare esercizio fisico
Work out
Develop,progress.
Good luck for the future.I hope everything works out well for you
Andare per il meglio
Work out (mathematical calculations)
To result
The total bill for 3 people is £28.80 each.
Ammontare
(fa + N°)
Work sthg out
Calculate,think about a problem and find the answer.
345 x 76?I need to do this on paper.I can’t work it out in my head.
Calcolare a mente
Carry out (order,
experiment,survey)
Do sthg and finished it
Soldiers are expected to carry out orders.
Eseguire,portare a termine.
Fall out (with smbd)
Stop being friends
They used to be very good friends.I’m surprised to hear that they have fallen out
Non essere più amici.Rompere legami d’affetto.
Find out + THAT/WHAT
/WHEN/WHO etc.
Get information
The police never founwho committed the murder.
Scoprire
Give/hand (things) out
Give to each person,to distribute to people.
At the end of the lecture,the speaker gave out information sheets to the audience.
Distribuire
Point sthg out
(to smbd)
Draw attention to sthg
I didn’t realise I’d make a mistake until somebody pointed it out to me.
Far notare qualcosa a qualcuno.
Run out (of sthg)
Finish completely sthg of important
We ran out of petrol on the motorway
Rimanere a secco,finire completamente qualcosa.
Sort sthg out
Find a solution to,put sthg in order.
There are a few problems we nee to sort out.
Risolvere un problema,mettere in ordine.
Turn out to be
To have right
Nobody believed Paul at first,but he turned to be right.
Risultare
(avere ragione)
Turn out+good/nice
To improve only with the weather
The weather wasn’t so good in the morning,but it turned out nice later.
Farsi bello,cambiare in meglio
Turn out+that
To result
I thought they knew each other,but it turned out that they’d never met.
È andata a finire che
(in positivo o in negativo)
Try out
( a machine,a system)
Test it to see if it is OK
The company is trying out a new computer system at the moment.
Provare,controllare,verificare.
Go on
happen
What’s all that noise?what’s going on?
Accadere
Call sthg off
Cancel it
The open air concert had to be called off because of the weather.
Cancellare
Put sthg off
Delay it, postpone
The wedding has been put off until january
Rimandare
Put off (doing sthg)
Delay it ,postpone
We can’t put off making a decision.we have to decide now
Rimandare
Put on
Wear,get dressed
My hands were cold,so I put my gloves on
Indossare
Put on (weight)
Get heavier
I’ve put on 2 kilograms in the last month.
Ingrassare
Try on (clothes etc)
To see if they fit,to see if the size is ok.
I tried on a jacket in the shop,but it didn’t fit me very well.
Provare per vedere se la misura è giusta
Take off (clothes etc)
remove
It was warm,so i took off my jacket
Togliere
Be off (to a place)
To set on a journey for going to
Tomorrow i’m off to Paris.
I’m off on holiday.
Partire
(avere intenzione)
Walk,Run
Drive,Ride + off
go
Walk away
Run awway
Diane got on her bike and rode off.
Andare via etc.
Set off
Start a journey
We set off very early to avoid the traffic.
Iniziare un viaggio
Take off
Leave the ground
(for planes)
After a long delay the plane finally took off.
Decollare
See smbd off
Go with them to the airport/station to say goodbye
Helen was going away.We went to the station with her to see her off.
Salutare
Drive
Walk + on
play
Continue walking/driving/playing etc
Shall we stop at this petrol station or shall we drive on to the next one?
Continuare a camminare etc.
Go on
Continue
The party went on until 4 o’clock in the morning.
The show must go on.
Continuare
Go on/carry on + doing sthg
Continue
(doing something)
I don’t want to carry on working here.I’m going to look for another job.
Continuare a fare qualcosa
Go on with/
carry on with sthg
Continue
(doing something)
Don’t let me disturb you.
Please carry on with what you’re doing
Continuare a fare qualcosa
Keep on (doing sthg)
Do it continuosly or repeatedly (always)
He keeps on criticising me.
I’m fed up with it!
Fare qualcosa continuamente
Get on
To progress
How are you getting on in your new job?
Fare progressi
Get on
(with somebody)
Have a good relationship.
Joanne and Karen don’t get on.They’re always arguing.
Avere una buona relazione con qualcuno
Get on (with sthg)
Continue doing sthg you have to do (usually after a break or an interruption)
I must get on with my work.
I have a lot to do.
Continuare a fare qualcosa dopo un’interruzione.
Doze/
drop/
nod + OFF
Fall asleep
The lecture wasn’t very interesting.In fact I dropped off in the middle of it.
Addormentarsi per poco tempo.
Finish sthg off
Do the last part of sthg
Have you finished painting the picture?Nearly.I’ll finish it off tomorrow.
Completare
Go off
Explode
A bomb went off in the city centre,but fortunately nobody was hurt.
Esplodere
Go off
Ring
Did you hear the alarm go off?
Suonare
Put smbd off
(doing sthg)
Cause smbd not to want sthg or to do sthg
We wanted to go to the exhibition,but we were put off by the long queue.
Togliere la voglia
Rip smbd off
Cheat somebody
(Informal)
Dido you really pay£1.ooo for that painting?I think you were ripped off.
Fregare
Show off
Try to impress people with your ability/your knowledge etc.
To boast
Look at that boy on the bike riding with no hands.
He’s just showing off.
Farsi vedere
Tell smbd off
Speak angrily to smbd because they did smthg wrong
Clare’s mother told her off for wearing dirty shoes in the house
Sgridare,to not yell at someone
Put sthg up
(on a wall)
To hang
I put some pictures up on the wall
Appendere,attaccare
Pick sthg up
To gather
There was a letter on the floor.I picked it up and looked at it.
Raccogliere (qualcosa o tante cose)
Stand up
Get up on your feet
Alan stood up and walked out
Alzarsi
Turn sthg up
To raise
I can’t hear the TV.Can you turn it up a bit?
Accendere,alzare il volume
Take down
(from a wall etc.)
I didn’t like the picture,so I took it down.
Tirare giù
Put sthg down
To set
I stopped writing and put down my pen
Appoggiare
Sit/Bend/Lie + Down
I bent down to tie my shoelace
Sedersi,inginocchiarsi,sdraiarsi
Turn sthg down
Lower
The oven is too hot.Turn it down to 150 degrees
abbassare
Knock/
Blow/ + down
Cut
Demolish
Some old houses were knocked down to make way for the new shopping centre
Demolire,sradicare
Be knocked down
A man was knocked down by a car and taken to hospital
Essere investito
Slow down
Go more slowly
You’re driving too fast.Slow down!
Andare più lentamente
Calme down
Become calmer,make smbd calmer
Calm down.There’s no point in getting angry
Calmarsi
Cut down (on sthg)
Eat,drink or do sthg less often
I’m trying to cut down on coffee.I drink for much of it.
Fare meno sport,stare a dieta.
Break down
Stop working
(for machines,cars)
Cry but histericly
The car broke down and I had to phone for help
Rompere
Close/
Shut + DOWN
Stop doing a business
There used to be a shop at the end of the street;it closed down a few years ago
Cessare attività
Let smbd down
Disappoint smbd because you didn’ do what they hoped
You can always rely on Pete.He’ll never let you down
Deludere
Turn smbd/sthg down
Refuse an application,an offer etc.
I applied for several jobs,but I was turned down for each one.
Rifiutare
Write sthg Down
Write sthg on paper because you may need the information later.
I can’t remember Tim’s address.I wrote it down,but I can’t find it.
Scrivere solo un appunto.
Take down:prendere appunti
Go up/come up/walk up (to..)
Approach.Quicken your once pace.Hasten
A man come up to me in the street and asked me for money
Avvicinarsi
Catch up (with smbd)
Continue at the same speed or level.
You’re doing well.Keep it up!I can’ catch up with you
Raggiungere
Set up
(organisation,company,business,system,website etc)
Start it
The government has set up a committe to investigate the problem.
Avviare
Take up
(a hobby,a sport,an activity)
Start doing it,begin
Laura took up photography a few years ago.She takes really good pictures.
Iniziare
Fix up (a meeting)
Arrange it,to organize
We’ve fixed up a meeting for next Monday.
Organizzare
Grow up
Become an adult
Sarah was born in Ireland but grew up in England
Crescere
Bring up (a child)
Raise,look after a child,
To rear.
Her parents died when she was a child and she was brought up by her grandparents
Allevare
Clean/Clear/Tidy UP
Make it clean,tidy etc.
Look at this mess!Who’s going to tidy up (or to tidy it up)
Ordinare
Wash up
Wash the plates,dishes,after a meal
I hate washing up
Lavare i piatti
End up (somewhere/doing sthg)
There was a fight in the street and 3 men ended up in the hospital
Sono finiti
Give up
Stop trying
Don’t give up.Keep trying!
Smettere (a negative habit),Rinunciare,lasciare,cedere (il posto)
Give sthg up
Stop doing it
Sue got bored with her Job and decided to give it up
Lasciare
Make up sthg
(active form)
Consist of
Children under 16 make up half the population of the city.
costituiscono
Be made up of sthg
(passive form)
Consist of
Air is made up mainly of nitrogen and oxygen.
È costituita
Take up
(space or time)
Use space or time
Most of the space in the room was taken up by a large table
Occupare
Turn/Show UP
Arrive ,Appear
We arranged to meet Dave last night,but he didn’t turn up.
Presentarsi ,Arrivare
Use sthg up
Use all of it so that nothing is left
I’m going to take a few more photographs.I want to use up the rest of the film.
Finire (es.1 rullino)
Bring up
(a topic etc.)

(Active form)

Introduce it in a conversation,raise once again
I don’t want to hear any more about this matter.Please don’t bring it up again
Sollevare

(il problema,l’argomento)
Come up
(Passive form)
Be introduced in a conversation
Some interesting matters come up in our discussion yesterday
Sono venuti fuori
(sono state introdotte)
Make sthg up
Invent sthg that is not true,tell lies
What Kevin told you about himself wasn’t true.He made it all up.
Inventare
Cheer up
Be someone happier
You look so sad!Cheer up!
Rallegrare
Cheer smbd up
Make smbd feel happier
Helen is depressed at the moment.What can we do to cheer her up?
Rallegrare
Save up
(for sthg,to do sthg)
Save money to buy sthg
Dan is saving up for a trip round the world
risparmiare
Clear up
Become bright
(for the weather)
It was raining when I got up,but it cleared up during the morning.
Schiarire Il tempo
Blow up
(Active Form)
Explode
The engine caught fire and blew up
Esplodere
Blow sthg up
(Passive Form)
Destroy it with a bomb etc.
The bridge was blown up during the war
È esploso
Tear sthg up
Tear into pieces,to rip
I didn’t read the letter.I just tore it up and threw it away
Strappare
Beat smbd up
Hit someone repeatedly so that they’re badly hurt
A friend of mine was attacked and beaten up a few days ago.He was badly hurt and had to go to hospital.
Picchiare
Break/Split up
(with smbd)
To separate
I’m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have split up.They seemed very happy together.
Dividere ,separare
Do up
(a coat/a shoelace/buttons)
Fasten ,til
It’s quite cold.Do up your coat before you go out
Allacciare
Do up
(a room,a building)
Repair and improve it,Renovate
The Kitchen looks great now that is has been done up
Rinnovare
Look sthg up

(in a dictionary/
encyclopedia)
Check sthg,to consult
If you don’t know the meaning of a word,you can look it up in a dictionary
Cercare
Put up with sthg
Tolerate it,to bear,with stand.
We live on a busy road,so we have to put up with a lot of noise from the traffic.
Sopportare
Hold up
(a person,a plan)
Delay
Don’t wait for me.I don’t want to hold you up
Fare ritardare qualcuno
Mix up/get people mixed up (people,things)
Get confused
The 2 brothers look very similar many people mixed them up
Confondere
Away
Away from home
We’re going away on holiday today
Andare via
Away
Away from a place,a person
The woman got into the car and drove away
Andare via da un posto/persona
Back
Back home
We’ll be back in 3 weeks
Ritornare a casa
Back
Back to place,a person
Afer eating at a restaurant,we walked back to our hotel
Ritornare in un posto
Get away
Escape,leave with difficulty
We tried to catch the thief,but he managed to get away
Scappare
Get away with sthg
Do sthg wrong without being discovered
I parked in a no-parking zone,but i got away with it
Non essere scoperti
Keep away (from)
Don’t go near
Keep away from the edge of the pool.You might fall in
Tenersi a distanza
Give sthg away
Give it smbd else because you don’t want it any more
Did you sell your old computer?No,I gave it away
Dare via
Put sthg away
Put in the place where is kept,usually out of sight
When the children had finished playing with their toys,they put them away
Rimettere a posto
Throw sthg away
Put it in the rubbish
I kept the letter,but I threw away the envelope
Buttare via
Wave/Smile/
Shout/Write/
Hit smbd + BACK
Return a wave,smile,
shout etc.
I waved to her and she waved back
Scambiare un sorriso,un saluto
Call/Phone/
Ring smbd + BACK
Return a phone call etc
I can’t talk to you now.I’ll call you back in 10 minutes
Ritelefonare
Get back
(to smbd)
Reply to them by phone etc.
I sent him an e-mail,but he never got back to me
Restituire la chiamata
Look back
(on sthg)
Think about sthg that happened in the past,reminescence
My first Job was in a travel agency.I didn’t like it very much but,looking back on it,I learnt a lot
Ricordare
Pay back
(money)
To return money
If you borrow money,you have to pay it back
Restituire soldi
Pay smbd back
To return money at someone
If you borrow money,you have to pay it back
Restituire soldi