Da middle ages fino a romanticism

Materie:	Riassunto
Categoria:	Inglese
Voto:	1.5 (2)
Download:	212
Data:	18.04.2007
Numero di pagine:	5
Formato di file:	.doc (Microsoft Word)

MIDDLE-AGES: society based on fees , composed : barons, knights , baesans(villans , serfs,) in 14th new class ( middleclass was stood betw. Knights , peasants) religions belived that life of soul is real one , the planet system was earth-centred, god –centre. Lyric character( virgin mary) topic (love nature) used metrical romances develop in roma france Britain. Ballad ( popular form of litt., first oral , accompanying of music , mix dialogue –narration , assonance repetition, 4 line stanzas) chaucher in cantemb. Tales ( thirty person are going on pilgrimage in cant. In the tabbardin the host suggest that every philgrim should tell 2 stories going to and 2 coming back).RENAISSANCE (elegant complex , devel. In many fields –art, music, poetry) start Tudor dynasty: after 2 roses war , henry 7(intelligent, flair for political affairs) henry 8 (fond of music. Dance-art , he was catholic but married 6 woman catherine of aragon(mary when divorced soppressed monk, closed monasteries) anne Boleyn (elisabet 1cultivated 6 language 2 rinforced Anglican church ) jane of seymours(edwaed6) anne of cleves Catherine howard ,…parr . Stuart dynasty james 6 ( protestant belived in divine right, spread in E corruption) important events – group catholics planned to blow in the H of P – dissenters (pilgrims fathers) decided to live in E ,usa cultural context period of-cultural Renewal, interesting humanities, filosofical mov., house of outstending personalities Erasmus roth. , Thomas more(utopia), centre of power was court . religions spread of Protestantism ( main values – hard work – thift-individualism) THEATRE (theaomai referred to ritual dionisusor solemn chorus) real communication actors_audience , new form , laic , characters noble heroes but also human types theme clash individual- social order , man’s place in universe,clash reality –apparence, influence of stars, mixed audience, was rapresented in noble houses , court. Sources folk traditions ( realism) greek theat.(celebration English story) latin theat. ( division 5 acts , clash human rationality and violent passion) Italian (comm.. of art , macchiavelli) Places playhouse (built outside londob bec. Puritance refuse) Elizabethan thea. ( circular octagonal, oper in sky, pit was surrounding by 3 tiers og galleries and boxes, action continiuos no curtains) SHAKESPEARE ( 1564 1616) career 4 periods 1590 1595( romeo.., midsummer..) 1595 1\600 ( julius Caesar) 1600 1608 ( Othello , machbeth) 1608 1612 ( tempest) complete artist , the ploth not original 1 period , greath originally 2 period, characters belong to all social classes, action take place in reality but also mind, used super nat. elem. MACBETH 1606 dedicated to james 1 themes man is driven to eternal damnation by ambition lustfor power, contrast appearances-reality,represent. Faith evil sources Seneca tragedies heather boace’s Structure introduction( battle)development(prediction of 3 witches) climax( mcb. Is not hing) crisis ( Scottish +E army are going to invade Scotland) decline( mcb considerated a tyrant) catastrophe(mch killed)
OTHELLO (1622) main theme how evil can drive to damnation on man araising in him a neg. pass., evil = iago, O. is a phsycolog. Trag. Based on influence of a mind on anather one Contrast posi. Feel..( o+ desd) neg fee.(prejudice) iago-O. ( series anthitesis ) Iago double face (onest disonest) language (vulgar) aim( ruin Othello) TEMPEST sources book of voyages to America , Italian commedia dell’arte themes 1 the growth of spirit ( soul composed 3 part sensible, rational, intellectual)supernat. Magic ,(black , white) abuse of reason( Antonio ) the double( ariel spirit – caliban matheriality, prospero civilized – caliban primitive) colonisation of England ,shak.’s farewell to his career. Metaphor shak( last work return to stratford) prosp (abandon island ) pros. And shak are both directors of a play. PURITAN 1625 charles succeded yames 1 , clash king and parliament(supp. By puritans) parliament brought forward the “petition of rights” it denied the king the right to impose taxes , introduces martial low 1629 dissolved parliament ( new tax ship money)1640 summoned parliament to subdue a rebellion in Scotland, parliament limited power started civil war ( cavaliers supported king roundheads s. parliament) important Cromwell (member of ironsides) parliament won civil war, monarchy was abolited country become a republic “ commonwealth”1660 charles 2 return of monarchy

Society was organised in rank , increase of economy( develop of trade and transport) importance of London grew up ( port , increase of population) improvement of condition of poor Religion dominated national life , sermons become a political weapon . Puritans (interpretate the bible without priests – were against some practices- belived in predestination) THE RESTORATION whith charles 2 power of parliament developed a lot, 2 different part ( whigs in favour democracy, tories in favour monarchy) 1685 james 2 ( catholic) tried to impose it in the whole country 1688 parlament decided to offer the crown to William orange and mary . this process was known “bloodless revolution” social p.o.v. new literature ( hero is noble, new critical trend but also classical spirit) , new science ( new vision of world , heliocentre and mechanic, created royal society , Newton) new philosophy ( explain mysteries of universe , new esperimental method inductive , locke hobbes ) literature return to classical models ( simplicity) satire AUGUSTAN AGE wiliam aon mary estabilished with “ act of settlement” that only protestant heirs could become king, james tried to regain throne but William wins. Queen anne ( war for spanisch succession and with act of union connected 2 parliament S-E ) 1714 george 1 Social age of middle class wealthy merchants ( copy style of nobility) artisans and urban population( develop. Of texile) Economical political stability( democracy) expansion of colonies technological progress ( invented steam engine , spinning jenny and power loom) effect of A-A was growth of cities ex London( coffee houses ) Literature has social charactrers , interest in social problems, develop prose ( imp. Of reasons , realism) and poetry( imagination , fantasy, dreams) satire ( a consequence of analysing society with realism)NOVEL ( novelist , espression of midd..) Feature plot can be realistic, complex, chronological order characters ( common people or bourgeois people) aim didactical aim , improve moral social values , but also entertainment technique long chapters, precise description, divided in 4 stages ( introduction, breakdown of situation, development , end) narrator can be 1 person ( restrints reader’s view) 2 person( omniscent) theme 1 overt ( cosciounsly indicated by autor ) 2 covert( must be discovered by reader or critic) ROMANTICISM ( the feature imagination emotion feeling) poet catched gothic novel many features was associated with ballad: -comb narration _dialogue , frequent repetition. es Colerige ( suppoted the ideas of French revolution and formed an utopian community “ pantisocraty” ) used an arcaic language rich in alliteration repetition . es ancian mariner ( atmosphere is charged with mistery because a combination of supern. Dream like element .